Port Function and Management Model

Introduction The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) is located between the New York harbor and the Hudson River and was established in 1921 to administer common harbor interests of both New York and New Jersey (Info Please para. 4).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Port Function and Management Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It covers almost 1500 square miles of both states with New York as the centre. PANYNY is mandated with the responsibility of undertaking any project that aims at promoting commerce, trade, and public good. The sources of revenue for PANYNJ include issuance of bonds, charging user fees and also rent collections. The services and infrastructure provided include: George Washington Bridge: This is a suspension bridge that connects Fort Lee, New Jersey and the northern part of Manhattan. It was initially known as Hudson River Bridge and can handle 106 million vehicles in a year, making it one of the busiest in the world. Holland tunnel: this tunnel was opened in 1927 and it has nine toll lanes that handle nearly 17 million vehicles. Holland tunnel connects Manhattan’s Canal and the 12th and 14th street found in Jersey. It was Clifford Holland who constructed the tunnel. Bayonne Bridge: This is the link between the Island of Staten and New Jersey. This bridge is unique in that it is built over ferry route connecting Port Richmond, New York and Bayonne, New Jersey. The city planners did think of Bayonne Bridge saving commuters from automobile traffic. The commuters came from the state Island-communities and used to work in Lower Manhattan. The bedroom communities came about with the construction of the Bridge. Goethals Bridge: this bridge was built to accommodate traffic of automobiles after the First World War. The bridge is among the bridges that join the New Jersey and New York. As a result of being easily accessible, it is the main connect or of New York’s and Brooklyn’s dwellers. Lincoln Tunnel: This tunnel was built after Port Authority of New York and New Jersey had acquired Holland tunnels in 1930. Construction of this tunnel consumed massive quantities of iron and other materials. The port authority of New York and New Jersey is still maintaining and operating this tunnel while looking for ways to deal with congestion.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Outer bridge crossing: This was opened to traffic in 1928 and is under the maintenance of Port Authority of NY and NJ. JFK International Airport: this particular airport is ranked first in terms of the capacity of its cargo center. Due to its expansion, the airport has close to four million squares of feet occupied with offices and warehouse. The space is set aside for cargo operating in New York and Jersey. This international airport is ba sed on the Jamaican Bay along the Queens areas in the city of New York. JFK international airport accommodates long-haul international traffic. At least one thousand cargo companies are based at this airport. JFK international airport became the first international airport to use computerized cargo clearing system, making processing cargo faster and boosting security (Petersen 38). Newark Liberty Airport: This airport is located in Newark, New Jersey, near the Elizabeth-Port Authority Marine Terminal. Its cargo storage space is smaller than that of JFK international airport, with almost 1.4 million square feet of cargo space in buildings. Some of the cargo handling facilities in Newark Airport includes United Airlines, FedEx cargo complex, United Parcel Services (UPS), Continental airlines and Building 157. Terminals Port Authority of New York and New Jersey has been rapidly expanding its container-handling capabilities to coincide with the 2014 completion opening up of the Panama C anal expansion. Volumes of trading are projected to double or even triple in the coming decade. For this reason, the authority is keen on completing the process of expansion. The technologies of Modern rail terminal are the major contributors of the ten berths. Four of the berths are at Maher Terminals. Three others are at the APM Terminals, a further two at Port Newark Container Terminal in Newark, N.J. The other Terminal for the New York Container is in Staten Island, known as N.Y or port authority of New Jersey and New York. Types of cargo being handled include:Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Port Function and Management Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Containers: Most terminals of Port Authority of New York and New Jersey handle this Cargo. These terminals include New York Container Terminal, ASI terminals, American stevedoring, Global marine terminal, Port Newark container terminal and Maher te rminal. RO-RO: ASI terminal and Global terminals handle such cargoes in the PANYNJ, Break-bulk: ASI handles this cargo. It is also known as General cargo. Some of the cargo handling facilities in use here includes computerized truck gates, forklifts, container handlers, and yard tractors. Others include Straddle Carriers, computer equivehicles. There is also On-Dock Customs Inspection of the United States, station for the On- Dock container freight, yard hustlers and Wheel reefed plugs among others. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is headed by an executive director and assisted by deputy director. Currently, it is headed by Christopher Ward with the assistance of Bill Baroni. Operators of PANYNJ The main operators of Port of New York and New Jersey are firms such as stevedoring firms, terminal operators, cargo handling companies with a goal to make maximum profits and gain additional market share. The main operations in the port are airlines operations.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of the biggest airports in New York include: John Kennedy International Airport, the LaGuardia Airport and Stewart international Airport. Others include New liberty international airport and Teterboro Airport. The JFK airport has up to seven airline terminals fully operating. It has a peripheral taxiways surrounding it, and with more than 125 gates at its terminal. In addition to that, JFK has large international air for cargo. The cargo facilities are two, and each has over 200000 square foot of space. JFK airport has more than one million square feet of warehouse designed for station freight operators and freight forwarders. Other operations include foreign trade, wholesaling, financial, shipbuilding and industrial activities. PANYNJ employs directly almost tens of thousands of people while indirectly employing several tens of thousands in the form of suppliers and service providers in the communities it serves. This is one of the greatest achievements of PANYNJ. The Port Aut hority of New York and New Jersey is collaborating with the United States Army Corps of Engineers to increase the depth of port harbors in order to accommodate big vessels and provide a superior ocean access to meet demand of international cargo. New York Jersey’s port authority aims at optimally providing the most access and accommodation to the great international cargo demand throughout the area and its surroundings. Port management Information System It is important to note that port terminals use management information system. Management Information System (MIS) refers to provision of information to the senior management of firm to aid in accurate decision making process. The main components of a MIS are hardware, the software, the technology and the end user. In this case, the managerial and users are the port operators (UNCTAD 8). PMIS makes it possible for the managers of the ports to make non-routine or non-programmable decisions based on information available. Road Weather Information System (RWIS) is a special kind of PMIS which is useful in detection of lightning, accurate weather forecasting and providing data services to the main airports of PANYANJ (Oyj par. 3). The advantages of Road Weather Information system are: Provision of weather monitoring support: This ensures that weather around the 5 airports (John F. Kennedy, LaGuardia, Stewart International, Newark and Teterboro) is accurately predicted. Accuracy of the system is achieved by complete computerization of the operations. Data pertaining to weather can be retrieved quickly and easily since all the data is integrated into one database. PMIS provides up to date information of various PANYNJ departments to management so that they can take appropriate action. Minimize delays. Since airports require very accurate weather information all the time, use of road weather information system has enabled planes to lift off without unnecessary delays (Oyj par. 6). The disadvantages of road wea ther information system are: There is the possibility of system malfunction, and could bring catastrophes to the organization. This is because the system, just like any other system, is prone to errors. Additionally, poorly programmed or non-secure systems in which data can be manipulated and/or systems requiring constant repairs can easily disrupt routine work flow and can lead to incorrect decisions. Another shortcoming of RWIS is that it constantly needs maintenance and upgrading for it to function effectively and efficiently. It is expensive to acquire, install such an advanced information system. The end users of the system have to go through thorough training, and this is also costly. The main reason for the success of Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is the adoption of strategic planning. This enabled them to critically scan both the internal and external environments for opportunities and threats (Port Authority of New York 18). Strategic planning determines the gen eral direction of the organization in the next few years (Shapiro 3). It shows where a corporation is going over the next year or more, how it is going to get there and how it will know if it got there or not. The strategic plan focuses on organization as a whole. In this case Port of New York and New Jersey’s strategic plan zeros in on the whole organization including airports and its seaports. Conclusion The Port of New York and New Jersey has witnessed tremendous growth since its inception in 1921. Since then the port has attained rapid growth and in the process, it has overtaken other ports on the east side. With four separate airports connected by extensive and sophisticated rail and road network, Port of New York and New Jersey is the most extensive air, surface, seaport complex in the world. Works Cited Comptroller of the currency administrator of National Banks. Management Information System: Comptrollers Handbook. 2000. Print. Info Pleases. Port authority of New York and New Jersey. 2000. Web. https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/government/us/panynj#axzz0wLhFaipk Oyj, Vaisala. Port authority of New York and New Jersey choose Vaisala weather Information system. 2010. Web.  http://www.earthtimes.org/ The Port Authority of New York and Jersey. The port authority of New York and jersey. 2001. Web. Petersen, John. Airfreight industry-white paper. Georgia: Georgia Institute of Technology. 2007. Print. Shapiro, Janet. Strategic planning toolkit. Washington DC: Civicus. 1993. Print. Terminal enhancements: New container terminals to lead facilities into the future. 2010. Web. UNCTAD. Modern Port Management. Geneva: UNCTAD. 2007. Print. This assessment on Port Function and Management Model was written and submitted by user Rodney F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write Essays With Annotated Bibliography

How to Write Essays With Annotated BibliographyThere are some easy steps you can take to ensure that your essay writing is accurate and straight-forward. An annotated bibliography is one way to give an essay example with a bibliography. Annotated bibliography serves as a guideline to guide the student to make sure all necessary sources are included in their essay.Before deciding to use an essay sample with annotated bibliography, you should consider the type of essay you want to write. Depending on the type of essay you want to write, you should take into consideration what type of essay examples they are going to help you choose. You can pick an essay sample with annotation with any essay type. The essay samples with annotation can be used in research papers, academic essays, or any other types of essay.Most people who go to school are concerned about the length of their essays, so the essay sample with annotation is an ideal way to check whether or not they have sufficient time to fill in the gaps of the essay. An annotation in your essay will give you more space to fill in the information. When you don't have enough space to fill in the data, you won't be able to fully grasp your subject.If you are interested in going back to school to finish a degree, you can take advantage of essay samples with annotation. In your final semester of school, you can bring along an annotated bibliography and a couple of reference pages for all of your books, assignments, and papers.An essay sample with annotation may serve as a guide when you are trying to brainstorm ideas to include in your essay. You can also find essays with annotation to avoid plagiarism in a college setting. By using the same format, you can easily copy the essay examples from the editor to learn how to properly write the essay.While an essay sample with annotation is effective, you can find many free essay examples with annotation online. In fact, there are websites where you can get an essay sample wit h annotation. There are examples for each topic that is common in most college essays.When you take an essay sample with annotation, you will have a source list to use to make sure that you are getting all the reference material that you need to complete your project. You will also be able to correct any errors you find in your book with the editor's references and editor's notes.The best way to learn how to correctly write a good essay is to practice writing an essay. An example with annotation will help you make sure you understand the information required to successfully complete your paper. This way, you will be able to effectively write a good paper that is easy to read.

FTP

FTP Definition FTP or File Transfer protocol refers to rules or protocols that are used to transfer files from one computer to another. The files are transferred from a remote computer to another computer connected to a web server or internet. The transfer of the files happens through the aid of transmission Control Protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on FTP specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More TCP is a set of communication rules that breaks data into packets in a bid to transfer each packet through its own root. These data packets emerge to form a complete file at the receiving computer. Therefore, file transfer protocols are able to send files through the aid of TCP. FTP qualifies to be the most efficient and fastest method of transferring data or files compared to others like the Hypertext transmission protocol (HTTP). There are various aims of the file transfer protocol including el evating document allotment such as computer programs and information, boosting inherent or circuitous use of computers at their distant areas, protecting users for any probable fluctuations, and heightening a consistent and proficient conveyance of documents between two distant areas. Overview FTP has revolutionalised thus enhancing the transfer of files from one remote computer to another or others that are in separate locations. FTP has enabled the transfer of larger files and software from the internet. With FTP, one can download and copy files to the remote computer. They can be transferred to a distant shared folder, which channels them from the central processor to another over the internet. FTP functions with the aid of a transmission control protocol that enables transfer of files to the other computer. The users of this protocol may authenticate or gain access to the files through established sign protocols including usernames and passwords (Entwistle, 2011, p. 192). Howeve r, there is also the possibility for the users to connect to the FTP anonymously in the case where the server configuration allows.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Security of files transmitted through this platform is not efficient. However, FIPS serves to secure files that are transmitted through the platform. For efficient application of FTP, one has to meet a number of issues. One of them is to ensure that the FTP runs on faster networks, which have an approximate of a single frame of 200Kbps or multiple frames of 2 Mbps. The sending computer should be connected to a Daemon or FTP server to allow transfer of information. There is also the need to put in place sufficient measures to ensure that there is security when sending the files on the server. The files should be scanned before sending and or downloading them from the receiving computer to guara ntee security of the information. There are viruses or malfunctions that may be a threat to the files and even to the computer. Therefore, care should be ensured to the later. FTP nowadays comes in various programs that can be used to transfer files. Examples of these programs include WSFTP LE and CuteFTP. Some of these programs are free downloads while others are bought from authorised dealers. History of FTP The far the FTP protocol has reached has its roots in the early 1970s when the Request For Comments (RFC) 14 standards were published in 1971. This development proceeded with the transmission control protocol and internet protocol that were developed in early 1980. These early standards provided a description of the basic command of the rules, which was an insight on how communication of devises in the internet occurred. During this time of development, the network control protocol, which later came to be the transmission control protocol was used to convey network traffic.Adv ertising We will write a custom research paper sample on FTP specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During this tie, the internet was not able to relay information back since Arpanet was small. Hence, few development computers were available. Any development went on as new standards arose thus overtaking the former versions of the FTP (Brian, 2010, p. 419). For instance, the publication of RFC 172 happened in June 1971. Other standards referred to as RFC 265 came in to being in November 1971 (Yosef Brian, 2010, p. 419). However, a major transformation was evident in July 1972 following the publishing of the RC 354. These standards contained the overall communication model that is currently in use by the modern transmission control protocol. Furthermore, more features of the protocol were evident in these standards. The standards have kept on improving with more user-friendly application being invented. This has seen the emergence of the m odem FTP protocol used to transfer large files effectively as opposed to the earlier FTP protocol. It is also evident that security has also been improved through the application of password, username, encryptions, and many other security measures. Features FTP has many features that have enabled it transfer files besides ensuring security of the systems. One of the features of FTP is that they have ports that help in communication. For instance, port 21 helps the client computer to communicate/send files and data from one computer to the other. This, otherwise called the control connection, is always open during the duration that transferring of a computer happens. It also has a port 20 also referred to as data connection. This port can be â€Å"opened by an active mode to its negotiated client or through a passive mode using an arbitrary port, which is linked to the negotiated server port† (Kurose Ross, 2010, p. 5: Harvey, 2009, p. 24). FTP has an application layer on whic h it operates. This layer is used to transfer files using the transmission control protocol or the internet protocol. For this to be achieved, the FTP server needs to run continuously besides waiting the incoming files sent by various remote computers on the internet.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More FTP server is another feature of the file transfers. The server acts as the transmission medium. It stores information or data awaiting relay to the other host computer. Therefore, without these servers the FTP cannot run function smoothly. FTP also has features that allow download and transfer of multimedia files such as video files, images, game demos, software, patches, and music. It also has features that are able to integrate the hypertext media language editor that enables the user to edit files on the host’s web without having to download them. Due to the advancement of technology, more features have been added to the file transfer protocol to improve its capabilities to send and receive information on the internet. Social media has contributed significantly towards the improvement of the FTP protocol such as FTP client podcast manager. This feature is used to update podcasts RSS to allow for automatic downloads of preference. More features have improved the requiremen ts and the needs of back office users. Other FTPs have features such as event triggers used to update users on new issues that have happened. This happens automatically the moment a user opens the client computer served with a server. A good example is the updates on viruses or any information concerning a threat to the computer or alert message to scan the client computer for any viruses. Others have back up features that allow data or information to be stored on a server in an event of power outage or a virus attack that shuts the system abruptly. FTP also has sophisticated features that cater for larger businesses that use the websites for multiple purposes. Therefore, such FTPs require a heavy security to protect the system from outsiders. They also have to meet the requirements set by the regulatory bodies. Therefore, they should know who receives the message, in what amounts, and the internal protocols that can be blocked. They also have features that enable reporting and audi ting module that keeps records of all users that log into the system to ensure security and privacy. Development Over the years, other forms of file transfers have been invented. However, the file transfer protocol is still the fastest method of data and information transfer in relation to the hypertext transfer protocol. The file transfer protocol has undergone a number of changes since the first standards were developed in 1971. Early developers categorised the FTP networks into two namely direct and indirect networks. In the direct network, the user of a remote computer is able to download and upload files with a mindset that there is no network (Sheu et al., 2010, p. 285). The user interface creates an illusion of no network between the host user and the sender computer. On the other hand, indirect network allows users to get and use resources from the host computer, which they can then transfer back to the host computer. The two methods serve as the backbone on the networking a pplications for the transmission control protocol with telnet being used for direct access and FTP in the indirect network. The development of FTP began in 1971 with the publication of RFC 114. These FTPs contained standards that described the communication aspects of the protocol, which was the first communication model that could be used with TCPs of commands used in the FTP include ABOR, meaning/or standing for abortion of active file transfer; ACCT, meaning account information; DELE, meaning to delete a file; HELP, meaning help; Lang, meaning language negotiation; XSEN, meaning send to terminal; and STOU, meaning to store a file in a unique way among many other commands. The list is endless. These commands explain why the process of developing new File Transfer protocol is tedious and involving. Expectation The expectation of the FTP is still high among its users due to the advancement of technology and the evolution of a more sophisticated technology. One of the types of FTP is the FTP voyager, which has continuously experienced new changes. For instance, the latest version of the FTP voyager 15.2.0.19 that was released on November 2011 has been upgraded to include more features that can enable improved services (FTP Voyager, 2012, Para. 2). One of the areas that were upgraded or fixed includes the correction of servers that had problems that led to the closure of data channels that caused delays in the file transfers and directory listings. SFTP bugs were also corrected especially the symbolic links that were not earlier corrected. However, users still have higher expectations in the FTP. For example, they yearn to have a FTP experience where files will be encrypted. They also wish to see any security threats associated with transfer of file using the FTP managed or contained. Conclusion FTP is one of the networks that have brought changes in the way users send and receive their files across the world. FTP has made it easier and convenient for users to e xchange and share their messages. Companies have benefited from this platform. Even though the development of FTP went through various challenges, it has recorded a significant success. FTP has various advantages that have assisted positively in making it easier for people to share their information. Even though, it has a number of advantages, there are some challenges associated with the network. One of the challenges is security threat and poor back up system. However, efforts are underway to make it more convenient, efficient, and reliable. The future of FTP seems bright, as more initiative is underway to achieve people’s expectations. Reference List Brian, D. (2010). The leader in FTP and file sharing: The Advantages and  Disadvantages of FTP Clients. London: Longman Publishers. Clark, M. (2003). Data Networks IP and the Internet. 1st ed. West Sussex, England: John Wiley Sons Ltd. Dean, T. (2010). Network Guide to Networks. New York: Delmar. Entwistle, A. (2011). Trans ferring image data files between computers. Proceedings of  The Royal Microscopical Society, 36(3), 189-197. FedBisOpps (USA). (2012). Network traffic Analyser and packet / Protocol generator; Combine Solicitation. New York: Word Press. Forouzan, B. (2000). TCP/IP: Protocol Suite. 1st ed. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing Company Limited. FTP Voyager. (2012). FTP Voyager Release Notes. Retrieved from https://www.serv-u.com/free-tools/ftp-voyager-ftp-client-for-windows Harvey, R. (2009). Website Hosting: Advanced features of FTP File transfer protocol.  Web. Kurose, J., Ross, K. (2010). Computer Networking. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. Lovell, M., Selover, D. (1994). Software Reviews. Economic Journal, 104(424), 713-726. Lynch, C., Brownrigg, E. (1986). The Telecommunications Landscape: 1986.  Library Journal, 111(16), 40-47. Matthews, J. (2005). Computer Networking: Internet Protocols in Action. Danvers, MA: John Wiley Sons Inc. Moore, C. (2001). WebDAV protocol comes of age. InfoWorld, 23(42), 37-69. Sheu, P. et al. (2010). Semantic Web Services. Semantic Computing, 1(1), 285-299. Yosef, S., Brian, J. (2010). Computer networks and distributed systems. Microelectronics Reliability, 28(3), 419-467.

Benefits and Influence of Music

Nowadays, music is very popular for teen and all ages. Some people like to listen Classic music and other like RB or hip hop. It depend on their interesting. Even many people like music, but it still has advantages and disadvantages also. First of all, I would like to talk about the advantages of music. There are many advantages, but Ill tell you more details about that. First point, the music can make us feel relieve. Sometimes, when you get In the moody. You can take out your amp and listen to it, you will be feel relieve. The music such as hip hop or R;B can elf you to get In the good mood again.Second point, music can make us feel more comfortable. When you listen the romantic music, you such a kind of dreaming or you feel that you can fly and get the romantic feeling. So your feeling more comfortable and being happy all the time. Third point, music can reduce your stresses all the time. When you stress, you listening music or do other activity in order to reduce your stresses step by step. You can listening hip hop music, its help you smile. This is the last point of listening music, music can bring us in to one society by the meaning of the song.For example, you are listening to the Americans song ( Dead and Gone), you can learn about the society in America. What happened in that or something beside this. Also you can improve your listening skill by listen the English song too. However music has many advantages, but its also has disadvantages too. Listening music waste a lot money. When the singer show up or release new album, you always spend your money to buy it every time they release. If they release 100 different new album, Would you buy all this album? Thats why I can say music waste a lot of money. On the other hands, music waste our time too. When you are addicted In to music. You always sit and listening to it without doing anything. You Just sit and listen. You dont go out and do your work. Besides that, If you listen too much time and put your headset every time. You will have problem with your ear. You will spend much money or time to treat It. Totally, every things always have advantages and disadvantages. But If you get the information about this already. You should reduce your listening habit step by step. Benefits and influence of music Music gives different meaning to everyone. Music is a combination of art form from influence, past time, hobby and passion.From classical to Jazz, pop, rock, RB, hip hop or even devotional songs, music affect different people in many different way. That is why we can see nowadays some people who are enthusiastic about music even attribute themselves and their talents into music professions. Music touches our soul and allows us to express different moods and emotions. Therefore, music has many roles that affect everyones life. Listening to certain songs usually triggers to certain emotions linked to that song. As for me, I would listen to various rots of songs to cheer my mood up.And seriously, life without music would be very dull. Have you ever heard of the saying, hooked on the feeling? . Well, it really happens. For example, during festive seasons like Christmas, many people will put on Christmas songs because this will help them to stay on the state of euphoria all month long and bring back their childhood memories of Christmas. Therefore, music also plays a very crucial ole in overall development of an individual. It can take the mind and body to do spontaneous things either good or bad, depends on the type of sic a person is listening to and it message contains.For instance, when someone is listening to sad songs related to their love or life, the listener will be highly in touch with that song connected with their emotions. Likewise, when another person is listening to a heavy metal songs, they might inhibited violated act or aggressive behavior as rock songs bring about rebellion and agitation influence. However, for some people, listening to this type of songs is their way of expressing anger and relieve from pain. Well, its actually depends on that person himself on how they interact and influence by the music.

Work, People and Productivity Mgt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Work, People and Productivity Mgt - Essay Example These include; Preoccupation with failure, sensitivity to operations, reluctance to simplify interpretations, deference to expertise and commitment to resilience. People in HRO work in recognition of the high risk environments and occupations. In order to enhance productivity and reliability the HRO must carry out self-assessment and evaluation. These characteristics provide a guide to the thinking and mindfulness in the organization (Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001). It is important to recognize that policies and manuals in an organization constantly change; the HRO should be mindful and be sensitive to the complexity of the systems and environment of the HRO. The HRO should quickly work to identify and anomalies and problems and quickly eliminate potential problems. As an HRO it is important to always be aware and have updated information on the state of the systems and processes in the organization. This is key to identifying possible problems and preventing them (Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001). It is important that the HRO offer concrete and detailed explanation and documentation of processes in the organization. Simple explanations to processes and activities are not ideal for proper diagnosis of problems in the organization. This eliminates the problem of not knowing what’s going on in the organization until it’s too late. Concise and clear explanations of processes improve reliability and productivity of the organization (Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001). Failures and errors are bound to occur in any HRO, it is the roles of the HRO to identify, predict and eliminate possible catastrophes rather react to them. An HRO constantly keeps in mind that they might have omitted something that might put the organization at risk. This should be viewed as opportunities to improve current systems by determining weaknesses, examining

Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic) Article

Can be on anything to do with microbiology (you can chose the topic) - Article Example The gold standard for diagnosing typhoid fever is isolation of organism through blood culture. But lack of expertise and equipment for this test makes it unusable in a peripheral setting. Widal test is also useful, but is of no value in endemic areas. Currently, this test is regarded as non-specific and inaccurate. Because of these limitations of the popular tests, several assays and serological tests have been developed but have not been found to be optimal. Thus, the need of the hour with regard to typhoid testing is a test that is not only simple, but also reliable and carried out in small laboratories in the peripheries. Two such tests which merit importance are typhidot M and Diazo tests. In this study, Beige et al prospectively evaluated typhidot M and Diazo tests vis-a-vis blood culture and Widal test in children. In this prospective study, children aged 6 months to 12 years with fever of more than four days duration and with clinical suspicion of fever were enrolled. Those wi th other suspected diagnosis were used as controls.

Realism and Intertextuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude Essay

Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is a novel often associated with magic realism. Throughout the novel, the idea of magic realism is promoted through intertext examples of The Bible. Magic realism is defined as an artistic style in which magical elements or irrational scenarios appear in an otherwise realistic or "normal" setting. The many intertextual examples throughout the work are alluded from outside sources such as the Bible and the tragedians of the Greeks and Romans. These allusions not only strengthen the novel, but further correlate them with the idea of magic realism. Magic realism, as defined by Wendy Faris, contains five key elements which must be present for this component to ring true in a piece of literature. The first key element is the novel contains â€Å"†¦something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as we know them† (Faris 167). Throughout the novel, several examples which make this constituent true are present. For example, when Jose Arcadia Buendia’s murder occurs and his blood runs through the streets to Ursula’s home, Marquez writes, â€Å"A trickle of blood came out under the door, crossed the living room, went out into the street, continued on in a straight line across the uneven terraces, went down steps and climbed up curbs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Marquez 144). In reality, as readers, it is known that blood cannot travel long distances or climb objects. Remedios the Beauty’s accession to Heaven is another form in which a particular scene cannot be explained by particular laws a s we know them. Marquez writes â€Å"Amaranta felt a mysterious trembling in the lace on her petticoats and she tried to grasp the sheet so that she would not fall down at the instant in which Remedios the B... ...heme found throughout many fiction novels. According to Faris’ five key elements, this novel is indeed a tale of enchanting pragmatism. The novel’s intertextual examples developed by character similarities and actual events from the Bible and Greek mythology and tragedies are woven in the novel in such a way that the reader is oblivious to the fact that they truly exist. As the future scurries upon us, the theme of magic realism will continue to flourish many novels to come. Works Cited Access Bible, The. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Fitzgerald, Robert. Translator Homer. The Iliad. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 2007. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. New York: Harper Perennial, 1998. Zamora, Louis Parkinson and Wendy Faris. Magical Realism: Theory, History,Community. Durham: Duke University Press, 1995. Realism and Intertextuality in One Hundred Years of Solitude Essay Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude, is a novel often associated with magic realism. Throughout the novel, the idea of magic realism is promoted through intertext examples of The Bible. Magic realism is defined as an artistic style in which magical elements or irrational scenarios appear in an otherwise realistic or "normal" setting. The many intertextual examples throughout the work are alluded from outside sources such as the Bible and the tragedians of the Greeks and Romans. These allusions not only strengthen the novel, but further correlate them with the idea of magic realism. Magic realism, as defined by Wendy Faris, contains five key elements which must be present for this component to ring true in a piece of literature. The first key element is the novel contains â€Å"†¦something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as we know them† (Faris 167). Throughout the novel, several examples which make this constituent true are present. For example, when Jose Arcadia Buendia’s murder occurs and his blood runs through the streets to Ursula’s home, Marquez writes, â€Å"A trickle of blood came out under the door, crossed the living room, went out into the street, continued on in a straight line across the uneven terraces, went down steps and climbed up curbs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Marquez 144). In reality, as readers, it is known that blood cannot travel long distances or climb objects. Remedios the Beauty’s accession to Heaven is another form in which a particular scene cannot be explained by particular laws a s we know them. Marquez writes â€Å"Amaranta felt a mysterious trembling in the lace on her petticoats and she tried to grasp the sheet so that she would not fall down at the instant in which Remedios the B... ...heme found throughout many fiction novels. According to Faris’ five key elements, this novel is indeed a tale of enchanting pragmatism. The novel’s intertextual examples developed by character similarities and actual events from the Bible and Greek mythology and tragedies are woven in the novel in such a way that the reader is oblivious to the fact that they truly exist. As the future scurries upon us, the theme of magic realism will continue to flourish many novels to come. Works Cited Access Bible, The. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Fitzgerald, Robert. Translator Homer. The Iliad. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 2007. Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. New York: Harper Perennial, 1998. Zamora, Louis Parkinson and Wendy Faris. Magical Realism: Theory, History,Community. Durham: Duke University Press, 1995.